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Country guides

Compare doctoral systems before contacting a lab.

50 country guides now cover every location represented by a verified supervisor profile. Curated national guidance is shown where available; all other pages use conservative, institution-specific planning advice.

5 profiles · 0 open calls

Argentina

Doctoral admission in Argentina is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →33 profiles · 0 open calls

Australia

Research doctorates are normally administered as Higher Degrees by Research. Institutions set their own admission, supervisor and application process.

Open guide →7 profiles · 0 open calls

Austria

Doctoral admission in Austria is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →7 profiles · 0 open calls

Belgium

Doctoral candidates commonly enter through an advertised project, scholarship or supervisor-supported doctoral admission; the institution defines the formal route.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Brazil

Doctoral admission in Brazil is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →53 profiles · 0 open calls

Canada

Doctoral admission and supervisory arrangements are defined by each university and graduate programme.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Chile

Doctoral admission in Chile is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

China

Doctoral admission in China is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Colombia

Doctoral admission in Colombia is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Czechia

Doctoral admission in Czechia is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Denmark

Doctoral admission in Denmark is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

Egypt

Doctoral admission in Egypt is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

Finland

Doctoral admission in Finland is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

France

Doctoral admission in France is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →16 profiles · 0 open calls

Germany

Both individual doctorates and structured doctoral programmes are used. An employment contract, scholarship or another funding route must be verified separately.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

Greece

Doctoral admission in Greece is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →25 profiles · 0 open calls

Hong Kong

Doctoral admission in Hong Kong is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Hungary

Doctoral admission in Hungary is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

India

Doctoral admission in India is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Indonesia

Doctoral admission in Indonesia is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

Ireland

Doctoral admission in Ireland is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Israel

Doctoral admission in Israel is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

Italy

Doctoral admission in Italy is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Japan

Graduate schools set doctoral admission and supervisor-contact procedures. Some programmes require prior contact or research-student preparation.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Malaysia

Doctoral admission in Malaysia is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Mexico

Doctoral admission in Mexico is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →20 profiles · 0 open calls

Netherlands

Many advertised doctorates are salaried university positions, while other doctoral routes exist. The official call determines the employment and admission arrangement.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

New Zealand

Doctoral admission in New Zealand is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

Norway

Doctoral admission in Norway is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Oman

Doctoral admission in Oman is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Pakistan

Doctoral admission in Pakistan is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Peru

Doctoral admission in Peru is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Philippines

Doctoral admission in Philippines is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

Poland

Doctoral admission in Poland is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →7 profiles · 0 open calls

Portugal

Doctoral admission in Portugal is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Qatar

Doctoral admission in Qatar is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Saudi Arabia

Doctoral admission in Saudi Arabia is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →11 profiles · 0 open calls

Singapore

Research doctorates are administered by each university or graduate school, with programme-specific admission and funding decisions.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

South Africa

Doctoral admission in South Africa is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

South Korea

Doctoral admission in South Korea is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →6 profiles · 0 open calls

Spain

Doctoral admission in Spain is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Sweden

Doctoral admission in Sweden is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →14 profiles · 1 open calls

Switzerland

Admission and employment are institution-specific. A research group discussion does not replace formal doctoral admission or an employment offer.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Taiwan

Doctoral admission in Taiwan is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Thailand

Doctoral admission in Thailand is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Turkey

Doctoral admission in Turkey is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

United Arab Emirates

Doctoral admission in United Arab Emirates is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →39 profiles · 4 open calls

United Kingdom

Doctoral routes may be project-led, supervisor-led or cohort-based. UKRI-funded places are recruited by universities and research organisations, not directly by UKRI.

Open guide →67 profiles · 0 open calls

United States

Applications are usually made to an institutional graduate programme. Faculty research fit matters, but admission and funding decisions remain programme-specific.

Open guide →5 profiles · 0 open calls

Uruguay

Doctoral admission in Uruguay is institution- and programme-specific. Use each profile's official source to identify the admitting graduate school, then confirm whether the named researcher can act as principal supervisor or requires a co-supervisor.

Open guide →